Medical Malpractice Claims in the UAE (2026 Legal Guide) — Rules & Requirements
About this article
Sourced from Omani royal decrees, ministerial decisions, and the Basic Statute of the State. Written in plain language for general understanding — this is educational content, not legal advice. Our editorial standards
What is this right?
If you are harmed by a medical error, UAE law gives you the right to seek compensation:
- Medical liability: A healthcare provider is liable if they cause harm through negligence, lack of skill, failure to follow medical standards, or failure to obtain proper consent.
- Medical Liability Committee: Before you can file a court case, your complaint must first be reviewed by the Higher Medical Liability Committee, which determines whether malpractice occurred.
- Committee investigation: The committee reviews medical records, interviews the healthcare provider, and may consult expert witnesses. Their report is submitted to the court.
- Compensation: If malpractice is confirmed, you can claim compensation for medical costs, lost income, pain and suffering, and permanent disability. In death cases, the family receives blood money (diya).
- Criminal liability: In serious cases (death or permanent disability), the healthcare provider may face criminal charges in addition to civil liability.
When does it apply?
- You suffered injury, harm, or worsening of your condition due to medical treatment in the UAE.
- The harm was caused by negligence or failure to follow accepted medical standards.
- This applies to treatment at all licensed facilities — hospitals, clinics, dental offices, and aesthetic centres.
What to Do If You Were Harmed by Medical Negligence in the UAE
- Get your medical records from the facility where the error occurred — request a complete copy immediately.
- File a complaint with the health authority in your emirate — DHA (800-342) in Dubai, DOH (800-555) in Abu Dhabi, or MOHAP (800-11111) for other emirates — they will refer it to the Higher Medical Liability Committee.
- Hire a lawyer experienced in medical malpractice — these cases require expert medical knowledge.
- Keep all evidence: medical reports, prescriptions, receipts, photos of injuries, and a written timeline of events.
What should you NOT do?
- Do not delay filing — you must file your complaint within a reasonable period while evidence is still available.
- Do not accept a settlement without legal advice — initial offers from hospitals or insurance companies may be far below what you are entitled to.
- Do not continue treatment at the same facility if you believe malpractice occurred — seek a second opinion elsewhere.
About Healthcare Rights in Oman
Health insurance in the UAE is mandatory and tied to your visa under the Health Insurance Law (Federal Decree-Law No. 2 of 2019). Employers must provide cover, and every plan includes the Essential Benefits Plan — outpatient, emergency, maternity, and prescriptions. Public hospitals treat real emergencies regardless of insurance. Patient rights — informed consent, record access, malpractice complaints through the Higher Medical Liability Committee — come from Federal Law No. 4 of 2016. Mental health protections sit in Federal Law No. 10 of 2023. Your regulator is DHA (Dubai), DOH (Abu Dhabi), or MOHAP elsewhere.
Common Questions
What is the medical malpractice claims right in Oman?
If you are harmed by a medical error, UAE law gives you the right to seek compensation:Medical liability: A healthcare provider is liable if they cause harm through negligence, lack of skill, failure to follow medical standards, or failure to obtain proper consent.Medical Liability Committee: Before you can file a court case, your complaint must first be reviewed by the Higher Medical Liability Committee, which determines whether malpractice occurred.Committee investigation: The committee reviews medical records, interviews the healthcare provider, and may consult expert witnesses. Their repor...
When does it apply — medical malpractice claims?
You suffered injury, harm, or worsening of your condition due to medical treatment in the UAE.The harm was caused by negligence or failure to follow accepted medical standards.This applies to treatment at all licensed facilities — hospitals, clinics, dental offices, and aesthetic centres.
What should I do if I believe I was harmed by a medical error or negligence in a UAE hospital?
Get your medical records from the facility where the error occurred — request a complete copy immediately.File a complaint with the health authority in your emirate — DHA (800-342) in Dubai, DOH (800-555) in Abu Dhabi, or MOHAP (800-11111) for other emirates — they will refer it to the Higher Medical Liability Committee.Hire a lawyer experienced in medical malpractice — these cases require expert medical knowledge.Keep all evidence: medical reports, prescriptions, receipts, photos of injuries, and a written timeline of events.
What should you NOT do — medical malpractice claims?
Do not delay filing — you must file your complaint within a reasonable period while evidence is still available.Do not accept a settlement without legal advice — initial offers from hospitals or insurance companies may be far below what you are entitled to.Do not continue treatment at the same facility if you believe malpractice occurred — seek a second opinion elsewhere.