Police & Civil Rights
Your rights during a police stop, arrest, detention and questioning under Danish law — the Administration of Justice Act and the Constitution.
Covered in this guide:
Your rights during a Danish police encounter stem from Retsplejeloven (the Administration of Justice Act) and § 71 of the Constitution (Grundloven), which requires that you be brought before a judge within 24 hours of arrest. If you are stopped, you must give your name, address and date of birth — but you have the right to remain silent about criminal matters. On arrest you must be told the reason and have access to a defence lawyer (court-appointed if you cannot afford one). A search of a home normally requires a court order. Complaints about police conduct are filed with the independent DUP.
Key Laws
Retsplejeloven
LBK nr 1835 af 15. september 2021
Arrest, detention, search, seizure, telephone interception, defence rights, the 24-hour rule
Grundloven
LOV nr 169 af 5. juni 1953, § 71
Right to personal liberty, judicial review of detention within 24 hours
Politiloven
LOV nr 444 af 9. juni 2004
Police powers, use of force, public order, identity checks
Lov om Den Uafhængige Politiklagemyndighed
LOV nr 404 af 21. april 2010
Independent investigation of police conduct and criminal offences committed by officers
Police Stops and Identification
The Danish police can stop you and ask questions, but your rights depend on whether it is a general inquiry or a formal measure:General questioning (§ 750): The police can approach anyone and ask...
Rights on Arrest
When you are arrested in Denmark, you have constitutional and statutory protections:Told the reason: The police must tell you why you are being arrested.Right to a defence lawyer: You have the right...
Pre-Trial Detention
After the 24-hour constitutional hearing, a judge can order pre-trial detention (varetægtsfængsling) if certain conditions are met:Grounds for detention (§ 762): There must be a reasonable suspicion...
Search and Seizure
§ 72 of the Constitution protects against arbitrary searches of your home, your belongings and your correspondence:Search of a home: Requires a court order, unless there is an emergency (risk of...
Right to a Defence Lawyer
The right to a defence lawyer is a fundamental principle of Danish criminal procedure:Free choice: You have the right to choose your own defence lawyer. If you cannot afford one, the court appoints a...
Complaints Against the Police
Denmark has an independent authority that investigates police conduct:Den Uafhængige Politiklagemyndighed (DUP, the Independent Police Complaints Authority) — investigates complaints about police...
Citizen's Arrest
Danish law allows private individuals to make an arrest in limited circumstances:You may detain a person caught in the act of committing a criminal offence.The person must be handed over to the...
Victims' Rights
If you are the victim of a crime in Denmark, you have specific statutory rights:Right to information: The police must inform you of the progress of the investigation, your right to compensation and...