Right Against Arbitrary Arrest

Source: Constitution of Bahrain (2002), Article 19; Law No. 46 of 2002 (Criminal Procedure Code), Articles 53-60

Written in plain language for general understanding. This is educational content, not legal advice. Based on Bahraini national legislation, decree-laws, and ministerial orders.

Bahraini National Law

What is this right?

Bahrain's Constitution protects individuals from being arrested or detained without legal basis:

  • No arrest without cause: You cannot be arrested, detained, imprisoned, or searched except as provided by law and under judicial supervision.
  • Initial detention limit: Police can hold you for up to 48 hours before bringing you to the Public Prosecutor. The prosecutor can extend detention for up to 7 days at a time.
  • Extended detention: After the initial 7 days, only a judge can order further detention, in increments of up to 30 days, with a maximum of 6 months total pre-trial detention for most offences.
  • Bail: You may be released on bail at the discretion of the prosecutor or judge, except for certain serious offences.

When does it apply?

  • You have been arrested without being told the reason.
  • You are being held beyond 48 hours without being brought before a prosecutor.
  • Your detention has been extended repeatedly without clear legal justification.
  • You believe your arrest was politically motivated or discriminatory.

What should you do?

  • Note the date and time of your arrest — this establishes the clock for the 48-hour limit.
  • Ask to see a Public Prosecutor if you have been held for more than 48 hours.
  • Request bail through your lawyer at the earliest opportunity.
  • If you believe the arrest is unlawful, your lawyer can file a habeas corpus-type challenge before the court.

What should you NOT do?

  • Do not resist detention physically — challenge it through legal channels instead.
  • Do not attempt to flee — this creates additional criminal liability.
  • Do not make statements under duress — report any coercion to your lawyer immediately.

You came here to know your rights — help someone else know theirs.

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