Small Claims Court
Written in plain language for general understanding. This is educational content, not legal advice. Based on Canadian federal statutes and official sources.
Canadian Federal Law
What is this right?
Small claims court is an accessible, low-cost court designed for everyday civil disputes. You generally don't need a lawyer, and the process is designed for self-represented people.
The monetary limits vary dramatically by province:
- Alberta: up to $100,000
- Ontario: up to $50,000 (increased October 2025)
- British Columbia: Civil Resolution Tribunal up to $5,000; Small Claims Court up to $35,000
- Quebec: up to $15,000 — and lawyers are not allowed to represent you
The basic process is: file your claim, serve the other party, attend the hearing, and get a judgment.
When does it apply?
- Civil disputes — unpaid invoices, property damage, breach of contract, consumer complaints, security deposit disputes.
- Your claim must be within the monetary limit for your province.
What should you do?
- Determine the correct court and monetary limit for your province before filing.
- Gather your evidence — receipts, contracts, photos, emails, text messages.
- File your claim and pay the filing fee (usually under $200).
- Serve the other party according to the court's rules.
- Attend the hearing prepared — bring all your documents organized and ready to present.
- Bring witnesses who can support your version of events.
What should you NOT do?
- Don't miss the limitation period — in most provinces you have 2 years to file.
- Don't bring a claim above the monetary limit — it will be dismissed or transferred to a higher court with higher costs.
- Don't ignore a claim filed against you — the court can issue a default judgment, meaning you automatically lose.
- Don't be rude or emotional in court — stick to the facts and let your evidence speak.
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