Work Permits
Written in plain language for general understanding. This is educational content, not legal advice. Based on Canadian federal statutes and official sources.
What is this right?
Canada offers two types of work permits: open work permits and employer-specific work permits. An open permit lets you work for any employer in Canada. An employer-specific permit ties you to one job with one employer.
Most employer-specific permits require a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) — a document that proves no Canadian worker is available for the job. Some categories are LMIA-exempt, including CUSMA professionals (from the US or Mexico), intra-company transfers, International Experience Canada (IEC) participants, and French-speaking workers in certain streams.
If you're being exploited or abused by your employer, you may qualify for a Vulnerable Worker Open Work Permit, which lets you leave that employer and work for someone else while your situation is resolved.
Fees include the work permit processing fee plus biometrics — check the current amounts at canada.ca/immigration-fees as they are updated periodically.
When does it apply?
- You are a foreign national who wants to work in Canada temporarily.
- Some jobs are LMIA-exempt — check whether your situation qualifies before applying.
- If you hold a valid study permit, you may be allowed to work on or off campus without a separate work permit.
What should you do?
- Determine whether an LMIA is needed for your job. Your employer is responsible for applying if it is.
- Gather your documents: passport, job offer letter, proof of qualifications, and any supporting paperwork.
- Apply online through the IRCC portal (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada).
- Provide your biometrics (fingerprints and photo) at a designated collection point.
- Do not start working until you have received your work permit.
What should you NOT do?
- Don't work without a valid permit — this can lead to removal from Canada and a ban on returning.
- Don't stay with an abusive employer out of fear. The Vulnerable Worker Open Work Permit exists to protect you.
- Don't let your employer hold your passport — that is illegal and a sign of exploitation.
- Don't overstay your permit. Apply for renewal or extension before it expires.
- Don't assume a tourist visa allows you to work — visitor status and work authorization are separate.
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