Oman Cyber Harassment (2026): RD 12/2011 Fines & Reporting
About this article
Sourced from Omani royal decrees, ministerial decisions, and the Basic Statute of the State. Written in plain language for general understanding — this is educational content, not legal advice. Our editorial standards
What is this right?
Cyberstalking and online harassment in Oman fall under the Cyber Crime Law (Royal Decree 12/2011). The Law's content-crimes provisions cover publication of immoral / privacy-violating material; hacking and unauthorised access provisions cover account takeover and impersonation. Penalties range from a fine to imprisonment up to 15 years depending on the offence.
Investigation runs through Royal Oman Police; content takedown via TRA.
When does it apply?
- Repeated unwanted messages or contact via digital channels.
- Posts sharing your photograph without consent or impersonating your identity.
- Threats to publish — sextortion.
- Doxxing of address, ID, family identity.
Filing a Cyberstalking Complaint in Oman
- Block, mute, document. Screenshots with URLs and timestamps.
- File with Royal Oman Police. Cite Cyber Crime Law provisions.
- Request TRA content takedown.
- For physical-safety risk, call 9999.
What should you NOT do?
- Don't engage the stalker.
- Don't post screenshots publicly before the report.
- Don't ignore the TRA takedown route.
About Data Privacy & Digital Rights in Oman
Oman entered full data-rights enforcement on 5 February 2026, when the transition period for the Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL — Royal Decree 6/2022) ended. The PDPL entered initial force on 13 February 2023; the Executive Regulations (Ministerial Decision 34/2024) came into force on 5 February 2024. The regulator is the Ministry of Transport, Communications and Information Technology (MTCIT).
For NCII and unauthorised intimate imagery, the criminal framework is the Cyber Crime Law (Royal Decree 12/2011) content-crimes provisions — penalties range from a fine to imprisonment up to 15 years depending on the offence. Investigation runs through Royal Oman Police. Victims should also use StopNCII.org (18+) or takeitdown.ncmec.org (under-18) — both free, both work in Oman.
Common Questions
What's the difference between the Cyber Crime Law and PDPL?
The Cyber Crime Law (Royal Decree 12/2011) is criminal — it prosecutes offenders under criminal sanctions. The PDPL (Royal Decree 6/2022) is regulatory — it gives data subjects civil/administrative remedies against controllers who mishandle personal data. For pure harassment / threats, the Cyber Crime Law is the primary route; for data-breach / unauthorised processing, the PDPL adds remedies.
Does TRA take individual complaints?
TRA handles telecom-service complaints and content / SIM-related issues. For individual victim reports of cyber harassment, Royal Oman Police is the primary channel; TRA action on content takedown is typically triggered by the police investigation but direct TRA filings are possible for service-quality complaints.
Is the Penal Code relevant?
Yes — for physical threats, intimidation, and offline-harassment components, the Omani Penal Code applies alongside the Cyber Crime Law. For combined online + offline cases, file both at Royal Oman Police citing both statutes.
What is the cyberstalking and online harassment in oman right in Oman?
Cyberstalking and online harassment in Oman fall under the Cyber Crime Law (Royal Decree 12/2011). The Law's content-crimes provisions cover publication of immoral / privacy-violating material; hacking and unauthorised access provisions cover account takeover and impersonation. Penalties range from a fine to imprisonment up to 15 years depending on the offence.Investigation runs through Royal Oman Police; content takedown via TRA.
When does it apply — cyberstalking and online harassment in oman?
Repeated unwanted messages or contact via digital channels.Posts sharing your photograph without consent or impersonating your identity.Threats to publish — sextortion.Doxxing of address, ID, family identity.
How do I report online harassment in Oman?
Block, mute, document. Screenshots with URLs and timestamps.File with Royal Oman Police. Cite Cyber Crime Law provisions.Request TRA content takedown.For physical-safety risk, call 9999.
What should you NOT do — cyberstalking and online harassment in oman?
Don't engage the stalker.Don't post screenshots publicly before the report.Don't ignore the TRA takedown route.