Right to Legal Representation

Source: Federal Law No. 35 of 1992 (Criminal Procedure Code), Articles 4, 100-102; UAE Constitution, Article 28

Written in plain language for general understanding. This is educational content, not legal advice. Based on UAE federal decrees, laws, and ministerial decisions.

UAE Federal Law

What is this right?

Everyone in the UAE has the right to a lawyer during criminal proceedings:

  • You have the right to hire a lawyer of your choice at any stage of the investigation or trial.
  • For serious crimes (felonies punishable by imprisonment), the court must appoint a lawyer for you free of charge if you cannot afford one.
  • Your lawyer has the right to be present during interrogation by the Public Prosecution.
  • Your lawyer can review case files, evidence, and reports related to your case.
  • Communications between you and your lawyer are confidential.

When does it apply?

  • You are suspected, accused, or charged with a crime in the UAE.
  • The right to a free court-appointed lawyer applies in felony cases where you face imprisonment and cannot afford representation.
  • In misdemeanour cases, you have the right to hire a lawyer but the court is not required to appoint one for free.

What should you do?

  • Request a lawyer immediately when arrested or before any interrogation.
  • If you cannot afford a lawyer and face serious charges, ask the court to appoint one for you.
  • Contact your embassy or consulate — they can often provide a list of lawyers who speak your language.
  • Do not answer questions from the Public Prosecution without your lawyer present.

What should you NOT do?

  • Do not waive your right to a lawyer under pressure — you always have this right.
  • Do not discuss your case with anyone other than your lawyer.
  • Do not assume the police will contact a lawyer for you — you or your family must take the initiative.

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